Solar System Centrifuge Hypothesis

I want to run a science experiment where I build a 12 foot wide cone that slopes at maybe only two to five degrees from the center, put it on a variable speed turntable. While the turntable is slowly spinning, I would then add water loaded with materials of varying mass, until the spinning water reaches the edge of the cone but does not flow over the edge.

The idea is to see if the materials suspended in the water settles at specific distances from the center. Would material of similar mass coalesce at the same distance from the center? Would there even be a reasonable separation of material?

Since the gravity of our solar system appears to have similarly separated the rocky inner planets from the gaseous outer planets, with some minor exceptions, I'm wondering if in all this time we have advanced our material sciences and built a Periodic table, we have only discovered a fragment of the material that exists in the universe?